Father-Daughter Relationship in the Film, William Faulkner: A Life on Paper :: Movie Film Essays

Father-Daughter Relationship in the Film, William Faulkner: A Life on Paper While the connection among fathers and children has been recorded finally, the dad/girl dynamic figures less unmistakably in abstract tropes; in reality the last accepted piece I can review perusing was Euripedes’ Electra in secondary school. The shaky connection among Daddy and his daughter, nonetheless, harbors profundities more close to home and unmistakable than Greek disaster and mental investigations conjuring the Electra complex. The sincerely void or detached dad specifically regularly troubles the female mind, for his nonattendance demonstrates similarly as discernable as his looked for after nearness, forming the scene of a daughter’s future connections and the development of a mental self portrait divided and incoherent by an early and cozy information on dismissal and relinquishment. Rising above portrayals appended fundamentally to obedient obligation as experienced by the female authority, the dad figure remains the subject of mythologization, similarly as Sylvia Plath transformed her dad into a Colossus, a chilly, lifeless stone building uncovering none of his privileged insights or warmth. On the off chance that the missing or relationally stunted dad takes on shades of glory for the girl that knew little of him, one can just envision the impression left by the dad figure whose envisioned importance according to his youngster is just coordinated by the truth of his notoriety. William Faulkner, A Life on Paper passes on a picture of the scholarly monster that both propagates the persona of the incomparable American essayist and collapses it. Speaking to the creator as a frail man who enriches the world with a story inheritance while leaving his own girl minimal in excess of a couple of genuine looks into his character, the film transfers the editorial of Faulkner’s little girl as she endeavors to bits together a sketch of an emotionless, fluctuating, and splendid dad. Jill Faulkner Summers pulls from her memory photos of her dad as â€Å"extremely dignified and elegant† however inadequate with regards to a profundity and genuineness in his own connections: â€Å"Pappy didn’t truly care about individuals. I contemplate me, yet I additionally figure I could have impeded him and he would have strolled on me.† Faulkner’s coarse words entered more than the page too. Subsequent to begging â€Å"pappy† not to capitulate to another drinking session, Faulkner advises his girl, â€Å"no one recollects Shakespeare’s child†. The film, at that point, relates a dad/little girl dynamic based upon passionate need, as the dad explicitly invalidates the essentialness of his own kid.

Fight Club Essay free essay sample

From the Bottom Up One of the numerous focal topics in Chuck Palahniuk’s epic Fight Club is simply the possibility that one needs to separate themselves so as to develop themselves. Joe, who fills in as both the storyteller and the hero in both the novel and film, gets himself despondent in his consumerist life where the lines of sexual orientation jobs are continually being tested and obscured. Joe is tormented by his work consistently where he sees human lives being dismissed and transformed into unimportant measurements with a dollar esteem credited to them on a piece of paper. This torment alongside the strain of not having the option to make any genuine human associations and connections alongside his disarray over his sexual orientation job in the public arena lead to the formation of his adjust sense of self, Tyler. Tyler is the specific inverse of Joe. In Terry Lee’s article â€Å"Virtual Violence in Fight Club: This Is What Transformation of Masculine Ego Feels Like†, he clarifies that Tyler â€Å"embodies Jack’s own quelled qualities, characteristics that are helpful, when contracted for brief periods in the administration of rolling out transformative improvement, yet which can't be †or shouldn’t be †carried on in regular life† (420). We will compose a custom article test on Battle Club Essay or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page What Joe is looking for then is a parity in his life; something to give his life importance and excellence. He makes Tyler, or rather allows him to out, so as to accomplish that parity and winds up ending up in a fight between his two personas that shows itself as male battling clubs. Joe seesaws between his old self, the one he is attempting to change, and Tyler who isn’t fundamentally the change that he needs to turn out to be yet rather the impetus to the parity that he is attempting to reach. Tyler conveys a steady message to Joe all through both the novel and film, that will be that on the off chance that you need to correct change in yourself you need to overlook all that you considered yourself and the existence that you lead. Tyler reveals to Joe that he is not even close to arriving in a desperate predicament yet and that on the off chance that he doesn’t fall as far as possible that he can’t be spared (Palahniuk 70). Tyler begins Joe on his excursion to the base by exploding his condo and revealing to him that, It’s simply after you’ve lost everything that you’re allowed to do anything† (Fight Club). Having been associated into his consumerist job as a man and befuddled with respect to how to communicate his manliness his entire life, Joe is impervious to Tyler’s techniques. Lee expresses that, â€Å"Jack needs to stir from his shopper deadness, his stifled, unfeeling life: the old Jack needs amazing, another Jack can come to life† (420). In the film, Joe doesn't understand that he needs to relinquish his old self totally so as to construct another better self until the end at the calamitous second when all of Tyler’s difficult work is going to come full circle in the blasts of a few elevated structures. The acknowledgment that Tyler’s activities are going to turn into a reality, in the film adjustment of Fight Club, stuns Joe into at last tolerating and demanding the change that he required. He rises up out of his inward fight with Tyler triumphant and outfitted with another awareness. Incidentally it was the storyteller, Joe, who said that, â€Å"Only after catastrophe would we be able to be resurrected† (Palahniuk 70). While plainly all Joe expected to do to discover satisfaction, which means, and excellence in his life was find some kind of harmony among himself and his inner mind, Tyler, it is not out of the question to state that things got so crazy because that he was additionally experiencing a few clinical diseases. He not just without a doubt experienced a sleeping disorder and dissociative character issue yet in addition was likely influenced by sorrow and some level of sociopathy. A typical, solid individual most likely would have had the option to roll out continuous improvements throughout their life to accomplish bliss.

Dinner vs. Instant Message :: Personal Narrative Writing

Supper versus Text I can recall sitting at my beau's home, while he participated in Teen Chat , an online chatroom that he had as of late become dependent on . He's in effect dreadful calm and I am getting irritated at the interminable beating at the console and the unconstrained chuckles originating from him that jump out of the blue. Here I am observing some idiotic film on HBO with his feline Bourbon hacking stronger and stronger until I at long last stand out enough to be noticed. Hello darling, you wanna type? Did I need to type? No, I would not like to type! You guaranteed me Chilis! We should go out! I guess,I said. Anything to get some consideration here. I meandered over to the damn machine to perceive what his object was about. Alright, I let it be known, I was stunned that he could be a piece of ten discussions one after another. There were around fifteen individuals in the visit room, looking at everything from sports to some stuff that I might want to consider myself an over the top woman to make reference to. This is idiotic, you WOULD need to be a piece of this! I said absolutely aggarvated that he could be dependent upon a portion of the things they were discussing. Angel, WE'RE discussing baseball! I surmise he was correct and I saw that around five individuals went about as though they knew him before he even went into the visit room. I asked him how he knew these chosen few. This is Ryan, he would state, He is taking a portion of indistinguishable classes from me at CFCC, this current young lady's name is Jessica, she's from Tennessee, she simply IM's me to talk now and then. Wow. Companions on the web? Presently this was b eginning to interest me. I mean what number of my companions would I be able to speak with? No telephone bills or holding up three or four days to get obsolete letters. Presently the gathering new individuals thing appeared to be somewhat strange, however he would tend to disagree. However, regardless of whether I thought about it or not, there was an entire network on the web and he's gathering more individuals as I sit close to him holding Whiskey in my PJ's, watching the dividers in his vacant family room. He had consistently attempted to get me to type on this thing and make proper acquaintance. At long last, whenever, I did. State something, he would let me know. I wasn't amazed or disillusioned to see that my basic hi was totally overlooked.

Organizational Design and Change The Key Propositions

Question: Depict about the Organizational Design and Change for The Key Propositions. Answer: 1. The pertinent ideas identified with change the board comprises of the key suggestions, which remembers the accomplishment of current associations for coordinating of the inward capacities and the current assets alongside the requests from the outside condition. The ideas additionally run from the prerequisite is required from the turn of events and support of the methodology of building up the association. It has been additionally seen that the associations will in general acknowledge the assigned strategy for doing a business, which is both troublesome and steady in nature. The various classifications of outside impact can be generally used to invite the partners (Gollenia 2016). It has been additionally broke down that there is no single methodology for executing the powerful change and with each circumstance the incentive for managing the system changes. The task synopsis has additionally given the subtleties expressing that the greater part of the change activities required pr oportionate change, which are planned according to the associations exercises. A positive relationship is famous in the event of the level of partner and the inclusion in the plan and the change procedure for a definitive accomplishment of any business association. It tends to be additionally expressed that the execution of the change ranges from shifted scope of unsurprising and unusual clashes, which goes about as a protection from change (Cameron and Green 2015). During the hour of thinking about with the plan and execution of the significant change process, it has been seen that the huge firms activate their HR in the job of essential change specialist and the aptitude base customarily require the association of HR practice. The various sorts of progress process are additionally observed to recognize the nonstop and past procedure of the change. The key ideas of the use of the change procedure have been found as far as the association Cloud Plus (Hayes 2014). So as to make recommendation for the legitimacy of the announcement the fundamental standards are the parameters for the change the board procedure has been concentrated as far as improved offer in the clients point of view, utilization of the idea of progressing change and corresponding procedure. The organization has additionally considered the change procedure with the dedication of continuous, equal and corporate way of thinking through a progression of exclusively oversaw ventures. The change the board forms in itself a dedication for nonstop improvement and subsequently it is nonnegotiable component of any association. The authoritative way of thinking this includes the essential destinations that the association is happy to apply for fulfilling the changing needs of the outer condition (Goetsch and Davis 2014). The mean and capacity of cloud in addition to has been found regarding income development of $ 4.47 million in the year 2016 and it is positioned as the eighth little and medium undertakings situated in Australia (Cloudplus.com. 2016).The fundamental change the board is found in type of the imaginative stockpiling arrangement gave by the organization. It isn't just gives consistent access of information yet in addition guarantees that the distributed storage is totally private in nature. This type of use of progress the board procedure has guaranteed that the customer gets 24x7 observing of the information and 100% uptime ensure alongside all out straightforwardness and control. Subsequently, it is considered as one of the savvy organizations which is actualized the change the board procedure (Smartcompany.com.au.2016). Reference List Cameron, E. what's more, Green, M., 2015.Making feeling of progress the executives: a total manual for the models, apparatuses and strategies of authoritative change. Kogan Page Publishers. Cloudplus.com. (2016).Cloud Plus gives exceptionally coordinated private cloud arrangements in Australia and New Zealand. [online] Available at: https://cloudplus.com/[Accessed 9 Dec. 2016]. Goetsch, D.L. what's more, Davis, S.B., 2014.Quality administration for hierarchical greatness. pearson. Gollenia, L.A., 2016.Business Transformation Management Methodology. Routledge. Hayes, J., 2014.The hypothesis and practice of progress the executives. Palgrave Macmillan. Smartcompany.com.au. (2016). [online] Available at: https://www.smartcompany.com.au/smart50-grants 2015/page/6/[Accessed 9 Dec. 2016].

Privacy Strategy Proposal for the DAS †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about the Privacy Strategy Proposal for the DAS. Answer: The DAS or Department of Administrative help accommodates different parts in an Australian state government. These administrations are given from the different server farm of that office. The Software as a Service or SaaS is viewed as the midway facilitated conveyance of programming and the model of permitting. The group at DAS is performing errands to convey the hazard examination for the arranged moves in offering the SaaS application. The report has built up the protection technique proposition for the DAS. At that point it has suggested the controls and built up the individual information assurance systems. Finally, it has suggested the controls. Individual Data Privacy Strategy (Proposal Document) The executives of individual data The administration of individual information has been tied in with looking for, continuing, controlling and keeping up the information. This has additionally with respect to the administration of the protection and the data stream. DAS requires shielding others from getting the data rather if the consent from the cloud suppliers. DAS likewise requires ensuring their time and concentrating on getting the information without their consent from the email messages, and web (Lafuente, 2015). The individual data the board has been about the estimation and the assessment. It must be resolved whether the new instrument experiences been worth the difficulty. Das should likewise think how to modify the current techniques. The overseeing of the individual information has been including the endeavors for comprehending the information. The overseeing of the individual data has been alluding to the investigations and practices of the individual exercises for procuring making, putting away, sorting out looking after, recovering, utilizing and appropriating the information required to meet numerous objectives. In addition, it has been putting accentuation over the controlling of the assortment of individual information. This incorporates how the things like the electronic reports, paper records, web references and the transcribed notes have been put away for later utilization and the rehashed re-use. One of the beliefs of the individual data the executives has that whether DAS has been having the correct information at the best possible spot, in the best possible structure, and in appropriate amount. This is done to confront the current needs of DAS (Felbermayr, Hauptmann Schmerer, 2014). Be that as it may, in all actuality, DAS may spend a lot of the time done through defeating the unavoidable issues of the fracture of information. This is finished aggravating the devices that are intended to help. Assortment and the board of requested individual data As the SaaS has been conveying the administrations, worked with the accomplices, representatives, customers and the connected with volunteers, at that point it has been clear that they require gathering and dealing with the requested individual information in regards to the individuals. This has been bringing the basic lawful and the moral duties. DAS should know about the legitimate necessities to deal with the information and data of the individuals. They have been answerable for the exercises and guarantee that it has been lining up with the applicable laws overseeing the get-together, solid and utilizing the data and information of individuals. Past the lawful necessities, they have been different network desires the manner by which DAS could deal with the information and data. The understanding and afterward meeting these desires have been crucial to legitimate the notoriety of DAS and the open help for their exercises. The people have been getting exceptionally mindful of the c entrality of the security and data of the information insurance. DAS ought to consider their procedure cautiously to deal with the data and information of the individuals. This must guarantee to mirror the estimation of DAS and meeting the sensible desires for the clients. APP3 has been plotting the APP element that may accumulate the requested individual information. The APP has been recognizing the APP element assembling the requested individual information and recovering the spontaneous individual information. The APP has been managing the two angles to gather the gather the requested individual information. As the APP has been gathering the individual information, the necessities have been shifting according to the individual information has been touchy or not (Pfeifer, 2016). In addition, it has been likewise considering the substance has been an office or any organization. This has been including how the APP substance has been gathering the individual information. This has been the comparative prerequisites applying to each APP substances and to each sort of the individual information. Use and divulgence of individual data This motivation behind APP is the explanation other than the essential purpose behind which the APP substance has been gathering the individual information. The stage where the APP substance has been utilizing or uncovering the individual information has been examined now. It has been the in any case unveiled to the element to rely upon any such ground and to choose not to close or shut the individual data till the utilization or uncover has been required by the law. The APP has been allowing the substance to utilize or unveil the individual information for the auxiliary reason where the individuals have assented to the divulgence or use. The assent in area 6.1 of the APP measures is characterized as the express assent or the inferred assent (Kristal, 2017). One of the 4 components of the assent has been the individual has been adequately educated till the assent is given. The following one is the checking whether the individual has been giving the assent willfully. The assent has be en the particular and the current and the individuals can bode well and cooperate with the assent. As to use pr uncovering of the individual information where the sensibly expected by the individuals and the identified with the essential motivation behind social event there has been a few rules. The APP has been the allowing the APP to utilize and unveil the information for the extra reason (Mller Neumann, 2015). This happens as the individuals anticipate that the substance should utilize or reveal the information for this optional reason. This incorporates the assurance whether the touchy or not. The optional explanation has been connected straightforwardly to the crucial reason for the assortment. This has been additionally including the assurance whether the information has been touchy. Here the optional reason has identified with the principal explanation behind assortment. Use and security of computerized personalities There have been patterns that have been driving the necessities for the computerized personality frameworks. The first is the ascent of the exchange volume. The measure of the personality subordinate exchanges has been ascending through the ascent in utilization of the computerized channels. The following one is the expanding exchange multifaceted nature. The exchanges have been rising including the divergent substances rather than the earlier settled connections. Instances of this incorporate the cross-fringe exchanges. At that point there is the rising client desire. The client has been expecting the consistent, omnichannel administration conveyances and moderating the administrations offering the best understanding for the clients. The following one is the more tough administrative necessities. The controllers have been requesting the ascent of straightforward over the exchanges. This has required the higher exactness and the security of the character data that has been delicate. There has been an ascent in the speed of the monetary and the reputational hurts. The wasteful on-screen characters have been the financial frameworks that have been progressively advanced in the instruments and innovations utilized by them. This is done to deal with the unlawful exercises. This likewise incorporates the rising capacity to cause the reputational and the monetary reasons through misusing the weal character frameworks. Normally the advanced character framework has included different layers. Every one of them has been filling different needs (Smith Ross, 2014). As per WEF report, there have been 6 distinct layers. The first is the norm. They have been administering the whole activity for maintaining a strategic distance from the coordination and the consistency issues. The following one is the trait assortment. Here the essential client properties have been appropriately accomplished, stores and afterward secured. At that point there is the verification. The components have been giving to interface the clients to the properties for maintaining a strategic distance from the conflicting confirmation. At that point there is the property trade. Here the instruments have been giving to trade the characteristics among different gatherings. This is managed with no trade off on the security and the protection. At that point there is the approval. The proper principle and the connections ought to be actualized for approving what the administration clients have been qualified for access based on the characteristics. The last one is the administration conveyance. Here the clients ought to be provided with simple to-utilize, viable and the proficient administrations. Security of individual data The security contemplations have been comprising of different terms recorded in the APP 11. They are the abuse, obstruction, unapproved get to, misfortune, unapproved exposure and the unapproved adjustment. There have been different investigation and models through these terms have been drawing the conventional implications. The first is the abuse. The individual information could be abused as it is utilized by the APP substance for the reason that has not been allowed by this Act. The following one is the impedance. This has been happening has there has been an assault on the individual information. This has been held by the APP elements and interfacing with the individual information. Be that as it may, this has not been adjusting the substance essentially. At that point there is the misfortune (Kristal, 2017). The loss of the individual information has been covering the incidental or unplanned loss of the individual information held by the APP element. This has been including the APP substance truly losing the individual information and the electronically losing the individual information. At that point there is

What goes around comes around

What goes around comes around One day a man saw an old lady, stranded on the side of the road, but even in the dim light of day, he could see she needed help. So he pulled up in front of her Mercedes and got out. His Pontiac was still sputtering when he approached her.Even with the smile on his face, she was worried. No one had stopped to help for the last hour or so. Was he going to hurt her? He didn’t look safe; he looked poor and hungry. He could see that she was frightened, standing out there in the cold. He knew how she felt. It was those chills which only fear can put in you. He said, “I’m here to help you, ma’am. Why don’t you wait in the car where it’s warm? By the way, my name is Bryan Anderson.”Well, all she had was a flat tire, but for an old lady, that was bad enough. Bryan crawled under the car looking for a place to put the jack, skinning his knuckles a time or two. Soon he was able to change the tire. But he had to get dirty and his hands hurt. As he was tightening up the lug nuts, s he rolled down the window and began to talk to him. She told him that she was from St. Louis and was only just passing through. She couldn’t thank him enough for coming to her aid.Bryan just smiled as he closed her trunk. The lady asked how much she owed him. Any amount would have been all right with her. She already imagined all the awful things that could have happened had he not stopped. Bryan never thought twice about being paid. This was not a job to him. This was helping someone in need, and God knows there were plenty, who had given him a hand in the past. He had lived his whole life that way, and it never occurred to him to act any other way.He told her that if she really wanted to pay him back, the next time she saw someone who needed help, she could give that person the assistance they needed, and Bryan added, “And think of me.”He waited until she started her car and drove off. It had been a cold and depressing day, but he felt good as he headed for home, disappearin g into the twilight.A few miles down the road the lady saw a small cafe. She went in to grab a bite to eat, and take the chill off before she made the last leg of her trip home. It was a dingy looking restaurant. Outside were two old gas pumps. The whole scene was unfamiliar to her. The waitress came over and brought a clean towel to wipe her wet hair. She had a sweet smile, one that even being on her feet for the whole day couldn’t erase. The lady noticed the waitress was nearly eight months pregnant, but she never let the strain and aches change her attitude. The old lady wondered how someone who had so little could be so giving to a stranger. Then she remembered Bryan.After the lady finished her meal, she paid with a hundred dollar bill. The waitress quickly went to get change for her hundred dollar bill, but the old lady had slipped right out the door. She was gone by the time the waitress came back. The waitress wondered where the lady could be. Then she noticed something wri tten on the napkin.There were tears in her eyes when she read what the lady wrote: “You don’t owe me anything. I have been there too. Somebody once helped me out, the way I’m helping you. If you really want to pay me back, here is what you do, do not let this chain of love end with you.” Under the napkin were four more $100 bills.Well, there were tables to clear, sugar bowls to fill, and people to serve, but the waitress made it through another day. That night when she got home from work and climbed into bed, she was thinking about the money and what the lady had written. How could the lady have known how much she and her husband needed it? With the baby due next month, it was going to be hard She knew how worried her husband was, and as he lay sleeping next to her, she gave him a soft kiss and whispered soft and low, “Everything’s going to be all right. I love you, Bryan Anderson.”There is an old saying “What goes around comes around.Author: Unknown

Research Essay â· Writing help Topics, Outline, Example -

Looking for a research essay? Check it out here! Looking for a research essay? Check it out here! Research Essay as a Sample of Perfect Writing This essay is a type of persuasive essay. The key point of a successful essay is the development of the thesis statement. It is important to try and come up with the originality of thought. If it is possible, try to refrain from using the opinions of others or outdated material. The thesis statement is the most important part of your essay thesis. In the first instance, try to produce an essay outline. This enables you to organize your material and focus your research efforts. Research Essay Examples There are different types of these essay samples that you can review i.e., argumentative, persuasive, history etc. When selecting your essay topic, ensure that the subject matter has an adequate amount of research material and is not too obscure a subject. Examiners tend to look for the following items in writing: â€Å"original contribution to knowledge or originality of thought†; well-reasoned research and the depth of treatment. Correct Format for Your Research Essays Use our custom writing agency for your next writing assignment. Our professional support team can provide you with the deductive essay or research essay help that you need. In addition, they will assign your order to a professional writer who will undertake the completion of your   assignment. All of our writers are the qualified postgraduate professionals with subject matter expertise in a specific field of research. We match you with the most compatible writer for the essay help you require. Our writers understand and appreciate the importance of meeting your deadlines and producing research papers in accordance with the timeline specified. Custom Made Essays on any Topic The administrative support staff is here to help you with any additional clarifications or requirements to achieve completion of your academic research paper. Our website provides a chat that connects student and   writer, in order to share any additional information that is required to complete the assignment. Master’s degree assignments require in-depth understanding and interpretation of the learned material. Our writers are well-versed in undertaking this type of research in accordance with the citation styles required in order to support the academic papers. All research papers are accompanied with the appropriate bibliographies, relative to the citation style that has been selected, for example, APA, MLA, Chicago, etc. So order your essay from our custom writing agency with the confidence that you will get a professional paper that meets your academic requirements.

Improving Postsecondary Entrance Exams - 1913 Words

Introduction A shocking and disturbing trend that the public has always noted in standardized tests is that minority examinees tend to score lower on standardized tests than their White, male counterparts. This has caused academic scholars to research this topic more to figure out what is preventing minority examinees from doing as well as their White, wealthy and/or, male counterparts and, thus, not having access to some of the same opportunities. These standardized tests consistently put these students at a clear disadvantage and this is counter to the nation’s overall goal to improve diversity in all aspects of life. This essay will discuss specific factors that put minorities at a disadvantage when it comes to standardized tests and†¦show more content†¦As I mentioned earlier, techniques such as these are pretty sophisticated so they are good at detecting biases but they are not so good at explaining the source of these biases. When test developers cannot explain why a particular bias is present that item stays on the test since DIFs are unbiased, in theory, and anything else would require the test developers to use their judgment regarding the item in question. Unfortunately, Arbuthnot’s analysis of DIFs concluded by stating, â€Å"Their basis for the argument is that DIF items can favor both Black and White test takers. Ultimately, they claim that the differences equal out or negate the other.† If this claim were true, we should not see certain groups of people consistently scoring lower than other groups. Jay Rosner, the executive director of the Educational Testing Service (ETS) did an analysis of questionnaires and found that the majority of questions were biased especially in favor of whites, males, and wealthier students. He compared males to females and Whites to Latinos, as well as White to Black. What he found sheds light on the entrance test development process and could also explain why we do not see items biased in different groups favor actually cancel each other out and why we continue to see score gaps between some groups. Monica Rizzo analyzedShow MoreRelatedThe United States Deteriorating Education System Essay1125 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent approaches to secondary and postsecondary schooling. Finland, for example, requires a grueling matriculation exam in order to pass high school, composed of one native language test and three other tests chosen by t he test taker, in a broad range of subjects such as physics, philosophy, history, foreign languages and mathematics exams of varying difficulty (Finland). Results from the matriculation exams determine the students prospects for postsecondary education, which is free for FinnishRead More A, B, C...Not As Easy As 1, 2, 3: Are College-Bound Students Prepared?2056 Words   |  9 Pagesimportant events; the warning of the absence of a national, rigorous college preparatory curriculum in the publishing of A Nation at Risk in 1983, the implementation of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) in 2001, and the misalignment between college entrance exams and high school exit policies. One of the root causes of the decline in college retention rates is the inexistence of a demanding and preparatory curriculum. 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According to 2014 data acquired from the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China, there was a 5.77% increase in the number of international students attending higher education in the country however, this high demand for postsecondary education meant that China cannot keep pace with the demand and resulted in the country collaborating with other international university branches. By this process alone, Asian countries are encouraging transnational education ‘which itself necessitatesRead MoreMotivat ors That Do Not Motivate: The Case of Chinese EFL Learners and the Influence of Culture on Motivation8163 Words   |  33 Pagessuccess in the exams reflected positively not on individuals, but on families and clans. Families used their resources to prepare children for the exams, who were expected to show interest and enthusiasm in mastering classics and ancient texts (the topics of the exams), all the while being reminded that they â€Å"should work hard in school in order one day to glorify the clan† (Leung, 1994, p. 390). Thus, the Confucian relationship was upheld in such a way that studying for the exams was part andRead MoreEducation in South Africa12740 Words   |  51 Pagesschools. A recent national initiative has been the creation of FOCUS schools. These specialise in specific curriculum areas (Business Commerce, Engineering, Arts Culture) and are very similar to the UK specialist schools programme. For university entrance, a Matriculation Endorsement is required, although some universities do set their own additional academic requirements. South Africa has a vibrant higher education sector, with more than a million students enrolled in the country’s universities

Difference between the Physical, Emotional, Social, and Mental States of a Man and a Woman - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 838 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/04/26 Category Sociology Essay Level High school Tags: Gender Roles Essay Did you like this example? A male is seen as dominant, strong, aggressive, and impulsive. The person in the relationship that does all the hard work and makes the important decisions. A woman is seen as submissive, weak, passive, and motherly. The stay-at-home partner to careen her children and support her husband lovingly, no questions asked. Women in our society are disparaged, underestimated, and questioned more than the male sexual orientation. A lady today has less access to fundamental and advanced education, they have more safety and health risks, and less political portrayal. It is a fact that women in our society have less access to higher-level education than men do. In the article, Girls Education, it is an observation that in third world countries, the girls in the family are usually required for household chores, water hauling, and tending to children (The World Bank). These everyday chores limit the ability and time for schooling. It is the mans job in the household to have the paying job, hold the political power, and be the domineering voice. This also gives the male many opportunities to physically, and even violently, control their spouse at times. It is also said in the same article by The World Bank that poor families that cannot afford schooling prices for every child will prioritize education for their sons (Girls Education). This is important because it shows families that are considered poor would assure education for their male children only. However, there have been recent studies that say an educated female will be more likely to put of f marriage, have less children, pay for any school preparation costs themselves, have healthier kids, and more likely to initiate in political processes than a man is (The World Bank). Being more educated would allow women to raise astute children and advise the husband more in everyday choices and decisions. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Difference between the Physical, Emotional, Social, and Mental States of a Man and a Woman" essay for you Create order In addition to less education, women also have more health and safety risks than a man in modern times. As reported by Rhitu Chatterjee in her article from the National Public Radio, more than 81 percent of women in the workplace have been victims of sexual harassment, 51% of that including being touched without consent. More than 66% of these women that admitted to the harassment also admitted that they were hassled in public areas (Chatterjee, Rhitu, NPR). Male harassment in the workplace stands at 34%, and only 17% from unwanted touching (Chatterjee, Rhitu, NPR). These numbers pale in comparison to that of females, considering that at least four out of five women will be harassed sexually at least once in their career. Sexual harassment is unacceptable and despicable for anyone to go through. It unsettles the workplaces safety, trust, and reliability of the entire team. Similarly, accompanying the safety risks of a workplace, women also suffer from gender bias when it comes to their health and medicinal equality. An article written by Vera Regitz-Zagrosek on the US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, claims that gender medicine must consider the needs of both sexes. She points out that medicine cannot be a one-size fits all practice, but a gender-specific healthcare. This is essential because men and women are different in their physical and mental being. They will report symptoms differently, react differently, and must even be treated with drugs differently (Regitz-Zagrosek, Vera). Biological aspects in the female and male body include differences such as reproductive function, concentrations of sexual hormones, the expression of genes on X and Y chromosomes and their effects and the higher percentage of body fat in women (Regitz-Zagrosek, Vera). This will alter how certain parts of a gender-specific body will need to be ta ken care of and diagnosed as opposed to having one listed response. Lastly, women are insufficiently represented when it comes to their ability to have political portrayal and power. Women are limited to their acceptance in executive positions, and even if they are allowed executive power, they stick women with civil discussions that stereotype women including water, infrastructure, sanitation, roads, education and health (Political Empowerment. Harvard University). Even though women have the right to partake in politics in ways a man does, such as voting and running for office, the actual number of women parliamentarians is only 21% worldwide (Harvard University). Women make up at least 51% of the population, and only own 1% of the worlds wealth (The World Bank). Thus, leaving men with 79%, 49%, and 99% respectively. Even if an education is attained, and a woman secures a high paying job, it will be 20% lower than mens, says the World Bank, in their article Girls Education. Meaning, that men are paid more in all careers, not in one specific area. I f there were more female political representation, girls would be more likely to speak out against assault, participate in politics, and even involve themselves in education more rather than house work (Harvard University). There would be more cooperation from females in needed areas like politics. This could retain the support of half the country and unite everyone as a team instead of having a power struggle of men vs. women.

Marketing and Supply Chain Management - 22997 Words

ch1 Student: ___________________________________________________________________________ 1. Google, Facebook and YouTube are all innovative, and each company has succeeded because it provided value to its customers. True 2. Marketing is an activity that only large firms with specialized departments can use. True 3. False The group of firms that makes and delivers a given set of goods and services is known as a supply chain. True 9. False The goals of marketing promotion are youth, style, and sex appeal. True 8. False Thoughts, opinions, and philosophies fit the concepts of neither goods nor services, and they cannot really be marketed. True 7. False The four Ps include persistence,†¦show more content†¦E. design new product offerings for other market segments. 22. Which of the following is a core aspect of marketing? A. Satisfying the firm s wants and needs B. Creating universal coverage C. Instilling self-sufficiency D. Making product, place, promotion, and price decisions E. Working with the creative people in ad agencies 23. Which of the following is NOT one of the key questions which must be asked when making marketing decisions? A. How is the product to be designed? B. How much should the product cost? C. Where should the product be promoted? D. How will the product be delivered to the customer? E. Whose responsibility is it to ensure customer service representatives handle returned merchandise properly? 24. Fiona has developed a new software application that automatically reconfigures accounting information based on the standards used in each country. Her product is superior to anything that exists on the market. Which of the following decisions is NOT one of the key marketing decisions she will have to make? A. How the software will be promoted? B. What price to charge? C. What distribution channels to use? D. Where to introduce the software? E. How many software products typically fail? 25. Marketing traditionally has been divided into a set of four interrelated decisions known as the marketing mix, or four Ps, including all of the following EXCEPT: A. product. B. place. C. performance.Show MoreRelatedGlobal Marketing And Supply Chain Management Essay938 Words   |  4 Pages†¢ Global Marketing and Supply Chain Management CH18 †¢ Global Supply Chain Strategies. o Implement Efficiency/Cost Strategy. Focus on the low-cost labor, offshore development and manufacturing. †¢ Preferable strategy in the early stage offsetting operations in Cambodia. †¢ Probing the market. o After establishing on the Cambodian market implement Flexibility strategy. †¢ Being a worldwide recognizable brand, the flexibility strategy is the must for the company. †¢ Develop products that are availableRead MoreMarketing: Supply Chain Management and Zara2184 Words   |  9 Pagestoll-free-number channel. In 1995, Progressive moved into the future by becoming the first major insurer in the world to launch a Web site. In 1997, customers could buy auto insurance policies online in real time. COMPANY 1. Apply the concept of the supply chain to Progressive. 2. Using the model of consumer and business channels found in the chapter, sketch out as many channels for Progressive as you can. How does each of these channels meet distinct customer needs? 3. Discuss the various waysRead MoreMarketing Procedure And Supply Chain Management System Essay1168 Words   |  5 Pagesbusiness idea in which he is keen to endow. I asked him to share the thoughts with me in detail. Then he explained, what he wanted to do, how to implement the thinking, approximate cost, budget, tentative loss-profit calculation, marketing procedure and supply chain management system etc. I found out that the proposal is new in Bangladesh and may be feasible if he can run it properly. Then I asked him to prepare a pitch deck for it. He replied, how about the pitch and how to do it. I informed that whatRead MoreThe Effect of E-Commerence on Supply Chain Management and Marketing in the Fashion Industry3136 Words   |  13 Pages‘Electronic commerce and the Internet are fundamentally changing the nature of supply chains, and redefining how consumers learn about, select, purchase, and use products and services’ (Sreenivas, 2007) According to Barnes and Lea-Greenwood (2006) and Berger (n.d), mass-communication has allowed consumers greater access to information and consequently the performance gap between companies can no longer be hidden. With the introduction of e-commerce, how consumers behave and what they demandRead MoreCulture Mistakes by Pizza Hut1311 Words   |  6 Pages2010. Donovan  , R. Michael (2005).  Effective Supply Chain Management (Movahedi et al., 2009, defining supply chain management, evolution of supply chain studies Lambert, 2008) mentioned by Cooper et. al., 1997 Enclyclopedia of e-commerce (2009), definition of supply chain management 2007 – Springer; J Oleskow, M Fertsch, P Golinska, data mining as the efficient tool for the effective supply chain integration LIU.,F; study and explore the supply chain base on CRM, 10 Mar 2011   Tseng, D. S., CoxRead MoreSupply Chain Management For A Competitive Advantage1505 Words   |  7 Pagescompetitive advantage. It is called supply chain management and it includes all integrated activates which introduce to market place and maintain customer satisfaction. This supply chain management drives from multi- disciplinary departments such as procuring, transportation, manufacturing products, customer services, distribution of product into integrated program. Successful management will be in coordination and integrated in all these activate in an unbroken chain process. It supports and interconnectedRead MoreSupply Chain Management Strategy Planning And Operation Solution Manual1533 Words   |  7 PagesSUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT STRATEGY PLANNING AND OPERATION SOLUTION MANUAL PDF Copyright  © 2014. All Right Reserved SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT STRATEGY PLANNING AND OPERATION SOLUTION MANUAL PDF Download: SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT STRATEGY PLANNING AND OPERATION SOLUTION MANUAL PDF Are you trying to find Ebook Supply Chain Management Strategy Planning And Operation Solution Manual PDF?. You will certainly enjoy to understand that today Ebook Supply Chain Management Strategy Planning And Operation SolutionRead MoreMarketing Analysis : Sift Analytics Group Essay1250 Words   |  5 Pagesattract, retain, and grow its customer base. As a business to business supplier organization, Sift Analytics Group utilizes effective business marketing mix components to market its products and solutions to customers. The growth and profitability of this company can be understood through an Analytics of its supply chain and marketing channels, marketing strategy, and value proposition. Brief Background of the Company Sift Analytics Group is the leading provider of enterprise software solutionsRead MoreMcDonalds Supply Chain Management1142 Words   |  5 PagesMcDonald’s Supply Chain Supply chain management, or SCM, is concerned with managing the inputs of goods or services for final users from acquiring the raw materials through the end of the product’s useful life. The inputs of goods or services include a wide variety of activities not only in a single department in a company but also from different departments and outside the company; they are cross-functional activities that contain increasingly complex networks supply chains in the businessRead MoreAssignment 2: Chain Management at Durham International Manufacturing Company (Dimco)1373 Words   |  6 PagesAssignment 2: Chain Management at Durham International Manufacturing Company (DIMCO) Case Study Determine whether integration efforts should start with suppliers, distribution, or both. Explain the rationale for your decision. What are the basic components of a supply chain? Most companies are utilizing a five supply chain components, in order to bring products to the marketplace. The five supply chain components are Suppliers, Manufacturers, Distributors, Retailers, and Consumers/Customers. Effective

What If I Told You Slavery Still Exists Many Would Disagree

What if I told you slavery still exists? Many would disagree and say, â€Å"Slavery was abolished in 1865 under the 13th amendment.† However, slavery remains a global reality even after the Declaration of Human Rights was signed 60 years ago. Human trafficking is a form of modern-day slavery in which traffickers use techniques of coercion to control victims for the use of exploitation in sex acts or labor services against his or her will (National Human Trafficking Hotline). As our society adopts the use of mass media into our everyday lives, it is globally vital to utilize these tools to combat human trafficking. The power of words and images in the media shapes public opinion and knowledge. However, the media is misinterpreting the issue of†¦show more content†¦These organizations strive to provide a national legal framework that will bring nations together, but governmental efforts to eradicate human trafficking are not enough. The number of people actually aware of the problem appears to be shockingly low, even with human trafficking being the fastest growing illegal crime in the world. The biggest problem with the fight against human trafficking revolves around the fallacies of media coverage and lack of transparency of the issue. My concern with the media’s coverage of human trafficking began in my intro to mass communication course at Louisiana State University. It was not until this course that I understood the magnitude of the media’s power of shaping the public opinion and agenda setting. Human trafficking and the media follow the 1970’s cultivation theory which states that the media has enough power to shape individuals’ general beliefs about the world and their general attitudes toward certain issues. The issues the mass media choose to display determine what is important and influence the primary topics of the public agenda. One major issue with the media is the lack of coverage of all forms of trafficking. The media tends to focus their social media campaigns on images and stories that concentrate around sexual exploitation. Sexual exploitation is anShow MoreRelatedRoots of Hip Hop968 Words   |  4 PagesMusic and Tradition†    Hip-Hop as well as many other artistic cultural forms we practice today can be related back to African culture and various traditions. Author of  The Roots and Stylistic Foundations of the Rap Music and Tradition,  Cheryl Keyes, discuss’ the spirit, style, tradition, emotions, culture and the delivery of music. Keyes says that many of these practices can be traced back to the West Afrikan Bardic Tradition in particular. 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Targeting Bilateral Aid For The Poor Free Essays

The debate over foreign aid has been raging for quite a while now. Some critics have argued that aid does precious little to the poor countries it reaches. Others arguing against this pessimism have stated that aid brings in investment, which then fosters growth. We will write a custom essay sample on Targeting Bilateral Aid For The Poor or any similar topic only for you Order Now However what is indeed a matter of concern is that most countries do not have the capability of absorbing aid. This is often a function of poor administrative processes, but could also arise out of poor governance structures that allow the siphoning away of funds due to the lack of accountability in these countries. There are a number of instances that are cited by skeptics to argue against foreign aid as it encourages corruption and leakage. De Soto (1989) gives some extremely clear examples of how corruption in developing countries has left the poor miserable and vulnerable. Boone(1994) shows how aid gives rise to varying outcomes in various countries. Weisskopf (1972) had pointed out how domestic savings and therefore domestic investment gets affected by various kinds of foreign aid and foreign investment. This kind of intervention is not always in the best interest of the developing country. The debate The issues are several. Donor countries often give aid for specific purposes. However, what might happen at the recipient’s end is that the aid gets diverted. For example, aid for expenditure of health might get diverted to spending on education. This often depends on what constituencies are more powerful in the country receiving aid. The same is true at the donor end, where more powerful lobbies ensure that it is the sector that gets the benefit of aid. Pharmaceutical sectors in developed countries have very often been blamed for diverting most aid into the health sector while the problems afflicting poor nations might be more acute in terms of starvation and malnutrition. Another reason for disgruntlement against foreign aid is that it tends to distort the domestic development agenda and takes it away towards issues that might not be priority areas. Pfaff (2004) demonstrates how the environment debate in the developed world got transferred to the developing countries riding on massive amounts of aid. In the entire environmental revolution that came about in the seventies and the eighties, the industrialized and developed world ties most of its concern over the environment with aid packages. Additionally, what happens is that aid comes in for sectors, which are highly underdeveloped, and therefore the resources required to handle this aid might not be locally available. These resources are usually both human and material resources. With the non-availability of trained personnel in host countries, the modalities of aid therefore ensure that expatriates are then responsible for the distribution and utilization of such aid. Foreign experts are, to say the least, expensive. What adds to the problem is the bias this builds into the entire process. There is already enough suspicion that exists against foreigners. In addition, there is the entire issue of the lack of familiarity with local issues and local priorities. This gives rise to a disgruntlement with the management of aid and with locals feeling left out and the managers feeling uncomfortable; the efficacy of such aid reduces significantly. The foreigner manager has different sets of priorities and an alien understanding of conditions under which the local population understands the need for assistance and this duality of purpose could lead to tension and misunderstanding. How Aid helps bad governments survive By far the most stringent criticism of foreign aid has been by way of the evidence that poorly governments in developing countries have managed to survive because of the aid they are able to attract. These governments have used the aid to push policies in their countries that have been detrimental to the development of markets due to the poor economic and industrial policy environment that has been put in place. Aid has lead to complacency as some constituencies receive enough sops and therefore do not exert pressure on their governments. Aid gives rise to protectionist measures and the competitive environment that must exist and evolve in developing economies just does not come through. Therefore poor governance continues to thrive and the dependence on foreign aid becomes perpetual. Krueger (1974) shows how this situation helps rent seekers in developing societies thrive on the poor state of political processes, especially in times of economic distress. What has also been observed that aid that comes tied to certain conditions, forces structural adjustment programs on countries that are unable to protest. However unwillingly, these countries must undergo painful reforms to satisfy the conditions laid by donors. This has often resulted in large reductions in public investments and in subsidies to the targeted poor. The famous examples where such pressure has caused domestic damage are in the structural adjustments that were forced upon Argentina, Brazil and Mexico. With pressure on them to reduce fiscal deficits, these countries went in for stringent reform measures leading to high inflation and acute stagnation. Locke (2001) shows the extent to which governments can pressurize other nations to manage policies to restructure economies in a particular fashion. However it must be pointed out that this debate is not one sided. There are countries like Zambia that have been at the receiving end. With aid increasing annually over the seventies and the eighties, the economic situation in Zambia went form bad to worse. On the other hand is Ghana in the same region. Here aid helped foster a friendly environment for the domestic policy to correct itself and help the local economy grow. In Zambia, increased aid coincided with poor policy, while in Ghana as aid levels went up, there were marked improvements seen in the fiscal and monetary sectors as also in the external sector with trade policy improving considerably. Levinsohn and McMillan (2005) argue that aid to Ethiopia actually was pro poor and enabled the country move towards food sufficiency and food security by ensuring that the poor were given access to food supplies. Â  The authors show how households, especially the very poor, benefited when aid went into the provision of wheat in Ethiopia. The paper further argues that the very poor actually benefited the most in this process. How to cite Targeting Bilateral Aid For The Poor, Papers

Australian Security and Investment Commission - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theAustralian Securities and Investments Commission. Answer: Introduction The case of Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Mariner Corporation Limited [2015] FCA 589 is in relation to the breach of directors duties. The proceeding is related to the legality of the defendants conduct of making a takeover bid. The proceeding is not only in relation to the company but also three of its directors namely Mr Darren Olney-Fraser, Mr Donald Christie and Mr Matthew Fletcher. The action has been brought with respect to the breach of Section 631 (2)(b), 1041H and 180(1) of the Corporation Act 2001 (Cth) (CA). Declarations have been sought by the ASIC against all the defendants in the case and specifically disqualification from management and pecuniary penalties against the individual directors. The trial was only in relation to the liabilities of the parties and issues in relation to penalties and relief were to be heard latter[1]. In this case it has been alleged by the ASIC that the defendant company violated the provisions provided by section 631 (2) (b) of the CA. The allegation was based on the fact that the company publicly proposed a takeover bid for Austock, recklessly without informing itself that whether it has the capability of performing its obligations and relation to the takeover bid at 10.5 cents for each share in case considerable proportion all the offers with respect to the bid are accepted. It has been provided by the ASIC that the organisation did not have financial resources on 25th June 2012 to fund the bid and in addition had not received relevant assurance from any third party as well as it did not have any agreement with any third party in relation to provisions of the required funding. Section 1041H of the CA was allegedly violated by the organisation as the announcement made by the company resulted in a misleading and deceptive conduct or a conduct which is likely to deceive and mislead as there was no permission of making a takeover bid shares in Austock for less than 11 cent every share. The ASIC had also put its reliance on the provisions of section 621 of the CA[2]. In addition it was stated by the ASIC that the organisation tried to mislead the market in relation to its ability of funding the bed at a lesser price or at a price which was required[3]. It has been denied by the defendants of the case that the organization have violated the provisions set out through section 631(2)(b) along with section 1041H of the CA. in addition it has been argued by the directors that the allegations which have been made by the ASIC in relation to the breach of section 180 of the CA are baseless. It has been submitted by each of the directors that their actions were not in the violation of their duties irrespective of whether the company itself indulged in the non-complying conduct. It has been asserted by the ASIC that section 180 of the CA has been violated by the directors whether or not they have breached the provisions provided in section 1041H of the CA[4]. Duties breached by the directors of Mariner Corporation Limited as alleged by the ASIC It has been allegedly stated by the ASIC that all three directors of Mariner Corporation Limited have not complied with their duty stated in section 180(1) of the CA. the duty requires the directors to carry out their operations towards the company with diligence and care. Such care and diligence is evaluated and analysed when by putting a reasonable person in the same position and situation which the actual directors hold. If the reasonable person would have indulged in making the same decision the duty stands complied by the directors[5]. It has been alleged by the ASIC that section 180 of the CA has been violated by the directors and they have not acted diligently and carefully towards their functions which a reasonable director would have done by making the company: Contravene the provisions of s 631(2)(b) by making a public proposal Contravene the provisions of s 1041H by making an announcement to the ASX Contravened s 621 (3) by stating that they would make a bid which cannot be made lawfully (Stating to make the bid at 10.5 cents where they could not do so below 11 cents legally.) Not take into consideration regulatory constraints on the capacity of the organization of acquiring more than various share percentage in Austock Critical analysis of the decision provided by the court in this case In the given case it has been stated by the court that ASIC have failed to establish their claim against the directors of the company or the company itself. Therefore the court accordingly dismissed the case made by the ASIC[6]. The following view had been reached by the court in this case The test in relation to the term Reckless us a subjective test under the provisions of s 631 (2)(b). Through the application of the test in the situation the company is not reckless. Alternatively, in case the test of analysing whether a company or individual is reckless or not is objective even than the company is not reckless The company did not indulge in any conduct which contravened the provisions provided in s 1041H of the CA in relation to funding or price representation Alternatively, in case the organization did indulge in a misleading or deceptive conduct in relation to the representation of price, it would not be entitled to any relief on any reasonable ground. The directors of the company did not indulge in any action which violated the provisions of section 180(1) irrespective of whether they violated s 1041H or 631(2)(b) Alternatively in case section 180 has been violated by Mr Olney-Fraser, it cannot be held that Mr Fletcher or Mr Christiehave done the same as they relied upon the information given to them by Mr Olney-Fraseralong with their right to invoke section 189 of the CA[7]. The court in relation the issue considered the provisions provided in s 180(2) of the CA which discusses to business judgement rule to come to a conclusion that the directors of Mariners have not violated section 180(1) of the CA. According to the section the primary requirement is that there as to be a Business Judgement. Thus means an act of making a decision in relation to the business operations of the organization[8]. Here, the business judgement made by the directors was to make a takeover bid for Austock. It can therefore be stated that the characterization of the business judgement rule by the ASIC was not in compliance to the provisions of the Act. The reliance of ASIC on the case of ASIC v Fortescue Metals Group Ltd[9] is also a misconceived analysis of the decision taken by the directors. In addition the directors consciously used their business judgements to support the bid. Evidence has also been provided by the directors that in the given situation funding for the bid would have even been provided by a dover dog. The evidence is viewed in the light of the relevant and substantial evidence of the directors in such deals. Another requirement for the business judgement rule is that the bid is made in good faith towards a proper purpose. The requirement can also be said to have been satisfied. It was decided by the directors to make the bid and the announcement related to it in relation to the chances of the company of making significant profit along with the belief that the decision of making the bid and the announcement is in the best interest of the company. In relation to the third requirement the person making the decision must not have any personal interest in the subject matter of the decision. This requirement is also satisfied as there was no personal interest which the directors had in relation to the bid and announcement[10]. One more requirement in relation to the defence under the business judgement rule is that the directors have the duty of informing themselves in relation to the subject matter of the decision to the degree that they believed that it is appropriate and correct. In the case of ASIC v Rich[11] it has been stated by the judge that whether the decision was an informed decision or not is analysed by looking into factors such as importance of the decision, time in had to get information, cost of getting information, confidence of the directors, nature of the affairs of the company and availability of material information. The through considering these factors the judges in the present case held that the decision was informed. Moreover in relation to to an extent they reasonably believed to be appropriate The ASIC cited the case of Peoples Department Store Inc v Wise[12] where it was ruled that reasonably believed does not included what the directors actually know but what they are supposed to be knowing. However the court reject such submission by stating that such a ruling distorts the statutory language as it would deny the directors any protection unless they are able to show compliance of diligence and care in relation to other issues. The court in this case considered that the directors relied on the fact that they have been provided adequate information for making an informed decision by conducting various discussions and meetings and their knowledge about the level of interest in Austock[13]. The final requirement in relation to section 180(2) is that the decision has to be in the best interest of the company. The requirement is said to be satisfied when the defendants believed that the act was in best interest of the company and is supported by reasoning process which is adequate to describe it is being reasonably correct, irrespective of whether it is objectively convincing. The court held that the directors had this belief and it is not a kind of belief which would not be held by any reasonable person[14]. In addition it had been stated by Justice breach that it would be wrong to assert that causing the organization to breach a provision of the act would automatically lead to the violation of section 180 to the contrary of what has been stated in ASICvCassimatis[15] Future relevance of the case reasonably believed does not included what the directors actually know but what they are supposed to be knowing is not correct rather having adequate information to make the decision would satisfy this element of section 180 (2) It is now wrong to assert that causing the organization to breach a provision of the Corporation Act would automatically lead to the violation of section 180(1) The decision would give the directors who rely of their experience and skills power of taking calculated risks in relation to the organization Bibliography ASIC v Rich (2009) 236 FLR 1 ASICvCassimatis(No 8) [2016] FCA 10234 Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Mariner Corporation Limited [2015] FCA 589 Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) Fortescue Metals Group Ltd vAustralian Securities and Investments Commission - [2012] HCA 39 Peoples Department Store Inc v Wise [2004] 3 SCR 461 at [67] [1] [2015] FCA 589 at 1 [2] [2015] FCA 589 at 2 (a) [3] [2015] FCA 589 at 2 (b) [4] [2015] FCA 589 at 2 (b) [5] Corporation Act 2001 (Cth) at Section 180(1) [6] [2015] FCA 589 at 4 [7] [2015] FCA 589 at 5 [8] Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) at section 180(2) [9] [2012] HCA 39 [10] [2015] FCA 589 at 500 [11] (2009) 236 FLR 1 [12] [2004] 3 SCR 461 at [67] [13] [2015] FCA 589 at 472 [14] [2015] FCA 589 at 489 [15] (No 8) [2016] FCA 1023

Online Learning Environment Scavenger Hunt free essay sample

When you first enter the classroom you see the homepage. On the home page there is the calendar for the week, assignments for the week in the middle and the blue navigation bar. Other items on the screen is my name, course title, and a search bar. The tabs are the little house, calendar, tasks, resources, connect, reports, and announcements. 2. From the course home page in Loudly, click on the Resources tab and then click on Classroom Policies. What do you need to do to make sure you are properly participating In the online classroom?For graduate level students we need to make sure we are participating with one classmate on three separate days each online week. When participating our communication needs to substantive and help build on our online experience. This means that they have to be more then yes I agree with you. They can be based on personal or professional experiences, can be a follow up question to a classmates post, and so on to list a few examples of what you can do. We will write a custom essay sample on Online Learning Environment: Scavenger Hunt or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 3. Under the Resources Tab in Loudly, click on the Student Success Center; under the Writing Center tab click on the Style Guides and Templates link.Read through the PAP 6th Edition Style Guide and PAP 6th Edition Template (without Abstract) documents. Why do you think academic rating requires such strict formatting? Academic writing requires strict formatting to set the standards for papers and how they should be written. This way faculty and students are aware of how to properly type up a paper and creates an easy to follow set of standard guidelines. 4. Under the Resources Tab in Loudly, click on the Student Success Center. Under which tab in the Student Success Center can you find official Microsoft Tutorials for their software products?On the far right under resources and then you scroll to the bottom of the page it says official Microsoft tutorials and you click on the link. 5. Under the Resources Tab in Loudly, inside the Student Success Center, click on the Tools for Success tab at the top. What video might be most helpful to you under the Success Webzines section? I think for me it would be the study skills since have been out of school for a little while. 6. From the course home page in Loudly, find where you can see your current grade in the course.You click on reports and then you click on graduated. Click on which week you want to see the grade for. 6. Click on the Resources Tab in the classroom. Click on Syllabus. What are all the different sections found in the Syllabus? Look at the Overall and Current sections of the syllabus. (Hint: they might be the orange sections on the left of the screen. ) Under the Current view (meaning that week) the sections are objectives, topic material, assignments, discussion questions, and participation.

Impact of the Common Core Standards

Impact of the Common Core Standards The Common Core Standards will be fully implemented beginning in 2014-2015. So far there are only five states that have chosen not to adopt these standards including Alaska, Minnesota, Nebraska, Texas, Virginia. The impact of the Common Core Standards will loom large as this is perhaps the biggest shift in educational philosophy in the history of the United States. Much of the population will be significantly impacted by the implementation of the Common Core Standards in one form or another. Here, we look into how different groups may be affected by the upcoming Common Core Standards. Administrators In sports, it has been said that the coach gets too much praise for winning and too much criticism for losing. This will likely hold true for superintendents and school principals when it comes to the Common Core Standards. In an era of high stakes testing, the stakes will never be higher than they will be with the Common Core. The responsibility of that school’s success or failure with the Common Core Standards ultimately falls back on its leadership. It is essential that administrators know what they are dealing with when it comes to the Common Core Standards. They need to have a plan for success in place that includes providing rich professional development opportunities for teachers, being logistically prepared in areas such as technology and curriculum, and they must find ways to get the community to embrace the importance of the Common Core. Those administrators who do not prepare for the Common Core Standards could end up losing their job if their students do not perform adequately. Teachers (Core Subjects) Perhaps no group will feel the pressures of the Common Core Standards greater than teachers. Many teachers will have to change their approach altogether in the classroom in order for their students to succeed on the Common Core Standards assessments. Make no mistake that these standards and the assessments that accompany them are intended to be rigorous. Teachers will have to create lessons that include higher level thinking skills and writing components in order to prepare students for the Common Core Standards. This approach is difficult to teach on a daily basis because students, particularly in this generation, are resistant to those two things. There will be more pressure than ever placed on teachers whose students do not perform adequately on the assessments. This could lead to many teachers being fired. The intense pressure and scrutiny that teachers will be under will create stress and teacher burnout which could lead to many good, young teachers leaving the field. There is also a chance that many veteran teachers will choose to retire rather than make the necessary changes. Teachers cannot wait until the 2014-2015 school year to begin to change their approach. They need to phase Common Core components gradually into their lessons. This will not only help them as teachers but will also help their students. Teachers need to attend all the professional development that they can and collaborate with other teachers about the Common Core. Having a firm understanding about what the Common Core Standards are as well as how to teach them are necessary if a teacher is going to be successful. Teachers (Non-Core Subjects) Teachers who specialize in areas such as physical education, music, and art will be affected by the Common Core State Standards. The perception is that these areas are expendable. Many believe that they are extra programs that schools offer as long as funding is available and/or they do not take critical time away from core subject areas. As the pressure mounts to improve test scores from Common Core assessments, many schools could choose to end these programs thus allowing more instructional time or intervention time in the core areas. The Common Core Standards themselves present opportunities for teachers of non-core subjects to integrate aspects of the Common Core standards into their daily lessons. Teachers in these areas may have to adapt to survive. They will have to be creative in including aspects of the Common Core in their daily lessons while remaining true to the academic roots of physical education, art, music, etc. These teachers may find it necessary to reinvent themselves in order to prove their mettle in schools across the country. Specialists Reading specialists and intervention specialists will increasingly become more prominent as schools will need to find ways to close gaps in reading and math that struggling students may have. Research has proven that one-on-one or small group instruction has a greater impact at a quicker pace than whole group instruction. For students who struggle in reading and/or math, a specialist can work miracles in getting them on level. With the Common Core Standards, a fourth-grade student who reads on a second-grade level will have little chance to be successful. With the stakes as high as they will be, schools will be smart to hire more specialists to assist those fringe students who with a little extra assistance can get on level. Students While the Common Core Standards presents an enormous challenge for administrators and teachers, it will be the students who unknowingly benefit the most from them. The Common Core Standards will better prepare students for life after high school. The higher level thinking skills, writing skills, and other skills attached to the Common Core will be beneficial to all students. This does not mean that students will not be resistant to the difficulty and changes associated with the Common Core Standards. Those wanting instant results are not being realistic. Students entering middle school or above in 2014-2015 will have a harder time adjusting to the Common Core than those entering Pre-Kindergarten and Kindergarten. It will probably take a full cycle of students (meaning 12-13 years) before we can realistically see the true impact of the Common Core Standards on students. Students need to understand that school will be more difficult as a result of the Common Core Standards. It will require more time outside of school and a focused approach in school. For older students, this is going to be a difficult transition, but it will still be beneficial. In the long run, a dedication to academics will pay off. Parents The level of parental involvement will need to increase in order for students to be successful with the Common Core Standards. Parents who value education will love the Common Core Standards because their children will be pushed like never before. However, those parents who fail to be involved in their child’s education will likely see their children struggle. It will take a total team effort beginning with the parents for students to be successful. Reading to your child every night from the time they are born are beginning steps to being involved in your child’s education. A disturbing trend in child rearing is that as a child gets older, the level of involvement decreases. This trend needs to be changed. Parents need to be as involved in their child’s education at age 18 as they are at age 5. Parents will need to understand what the Common Core Standards are and how they impact their child’s future. They will need to communicate more effectively with their children’s teachers. They will need to stay on top of their child making sure that homework is completed, providing them with extra work, and stressing the value of education. Parents ultimately have the most impact on their child’s approach to school and no time is this more powerful than it will be in the Common Core Standard era. Politicians For the first time in the history of the United States, states will be able to compare test scores accurately from one state to the other. In our current system, with states having their own unique set of standards and assessments, a student could be proficient in reading in one state and unsatisfactory in another. The Common Core Standards will create competition between states. This competition could have political ramifications. Senators and representatives want to their states to thrive academically. This could help schools in some areas, but it could hurt them in others. The political influence of the Common Core Standards will be a fascinating development to follow as the assessment scores begin to be published in 2015. Higher Education Higher education should be positively affected by the Common Core Standards as students should be better prepared for a college curriculum. Part of the driving force behind the Common Core was that more and more students entering college were requiring remediation particularly in the areas of reading and math. This trend led to a call for increased rigor in public education. As students are taught using the Common Core Standards, this need for remediation should significantly decrease and more students should be college-ready when they leave high school. Higher education will also be directly impacted in the area of teacher preparation. Future teachers need to be adequately prepared with the tools necessary to teach the Common Core Standards. This will fall on the responsibility of teacher colleges. Colleges who do not make changes in how they prepare future teachers are doing a disservice to those teachers and the students whom they will serve. Community Members Community members including merchants, businesses, and tax paying citizens will be affected by the Common Core Standards. Children are our future, and as such everyone should be invested in that future. The ultimate purpose of the Common Core Standards is to prepare students adequately for higher education and to enable them to compete in a global economy. A community fully invested in education will reap rewards. That investment may come through donating time, money, or services, but communities that value and support education will thrive economically.

Ethical Leadership Essay Sample

Ethical Leadership Essay Sample Ethical Leadership Essay Stories of corrupt and incompetent leaders are increasingly becoming rampant and an obvious tale. Some leaders involve themselves in the most bizarre ethical breaches which tend to shutter an organization’s reputation. These leaders are becoming a true testament of the old adage, â€Å"power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely.† Human beings naturally crave control and while most of us are not gifted in leading, everyone tends to think they have what it takes to lead. However, what most fail to realize is that being a leader is not the same as being or gaining a promotion. A leader is defined by the influence one holds over his colleagues, and at times his superiors. Power attracts many and often ends up destroying lives, careers, entire organizations, and even countries. However, one can choose to rise above the greed that is often exhibited as people are struggling for power and integrate ethics with their leadership. Being an ethical leader is not an easy task and often involves a conscious decision to shun backdoors and other shortcuts that are embraced by many. One has to be different and embrace the common principles of trust, respect, fairness, integrity etc. These principles form the foundation of ethical leadership but as stated earlier it takes time to synthesize these into effective actions. This essay will, therefore, focus on how one can synthesize the above values and be regarded as an ethical leader. First of all, one has to strive to set and be an example to his subordinates. It is often said that actions speak louder than words and this statement applies more to leaders than anyone else. Human beings are judgmental but they tend to judge someone based on what they do and not what they say. As a leader, one should be aware that their actions speak more than their words. This means that in order to create an honest culture, one must first be honest. A leader must practice and demonstrate what they feel is best for the organization. If one conducts themselves unselfishly, is honest, respectful and leads in fairness, employees will as well be moved to live up to the standards that are set. By acting ethically, one would have changed an organization’s culture and their leadership would qualify to be regarded as ethical. Secondly, ethical leadership entails a lot of communication with one’s subordinates as well as other colleagues. An ethical leader will always try to create an environment that makes communication, whether horizontal or vertical or diagonal, possible. Employees will always feel respected if their voice is heard and their opinions are taken seriously. No one should be punished for speaking their voice or airing their grievances. Ethical leadership embraces open communication where employees feel free to air their views. Building a relationship with one’s subordinates is key to the success of an organization. However, it is essential to understand that successful relationships are built on trust, openness, fairness, integrity, respect, and compassion. Without the above values involved, employer-employee relationships would be hard and employees will not be at ease to communicate their thoughts regardless of how bad the situation might be. In conclusion, ethical leadership involves caring, respecting, and treating one’s employees or subjects fairly. It does not chest-thumping or the use of force. The truth is, ethical leadership achieves greater success than an authoritative leadership. Ethical leaders will always get the best out of a team but as already stated, it takes time and patience to become one.

If You Need Love, Get a Puppy Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

If You Need Love, Get a Puppy - Case Study Example Notable issues related to the Court’s accounting practices and financial reporting were identified during the audit process such as, a) misstatements and missing documents or signatures on paid receipts for misdemeanor traffic violations, and b) missing cash deposits for ticket revenues. The observed misstatements and the incorrect filing of documents are considered as immaterial since most of the inconsistencies are insignificant and unintentional. However, it is best to practice a tighter control on documentation of receipts to allow accuracy and transparency of government records. On the other hand, I found out that some payments for traffic violation tickets were marked as paid in cash in both the receipt book and on the sheriff’s computer records but do not reflect on the bank deposit. Possible explanations include the inadvertent mixing of the collections the previous day to the next transaction day due to time constraints. To correct this issue, I am recommending that the cash payments should be deposited to the bank not later than a week after the original transaction date. To properly conclude the auditing process, I will be further investigating the ticket revenue records for any missing cash deposits by vouching a bigger number of samples in the coming days. Still, I am open for clarifications and reasons behind such inconsistencies as your staff has been very helpful in providing me with necessary access to records and information to essential data. Thank you for your assistance and I please do not hesitate to contact me if you have any queries regarding the

Write about your religion (islam) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Write about your religion (islam) - Essay Example This paper will discuss my life in the religion and how I share my ideas and leave with the world. I was born in a family that has always been part of the religion. I have always been encouraged by my family’s commitment in the way it attended the five prescribed daily prayers. I am glad I followed suit in the teachings of Islam and took up the challenge of to reading the Quran. As a Muslim, the faith has taught me that human beings exist for the core purpose of serving and loving God. The faith has also taught me that Allah is the only God and comparable to none (Quran 112:1-4). The words of the Quran are of divine origins that Allah revealed from Himself. It contains His words which already existed before creation and can, therefore, not be subtracted, added or amended (Brown 185). Unlike it is wrongfully believed by non Muslims, the Quran is not made up of Prophet Muhammad’s words because it was there before him. To enable Muslims get a deeper insight and understanding of the Quran and the life of Muhammad, a collection of traditions, known as Hadith, was compile d into comprehensive literature by various people. Muslims, just like Jews and Christians, believe that in death, the spirit departs from the body then waits for resurrection on judgment day (Quran 21:19-20). The three faiths’ doctrines on heaven and hell, angels, the devil, morals and the last judgment are very similar. This forms a strong basis of sharing the ideas of religion with the world. The best way of working with the world and conveying my ideas of religion is by convincing non Muslims to shun the stereotyping that every Muslim is an extremist or terrorist. There is a whole lot of genuine Muslims around the world that can be considered mainstream. It is my duty and responsibility as a Muslim to take an oath, follow the Five Pillars and uphold the Six

Explain How Motivation Can Affect Employees Commitment Commerce Essay

Explain How Motivation Can Affect Employees Commitment Commerce Essay The concept of motivation refers to a driving force within all individuals to attain or avoid some objectives (be the objectives tangible, money and goods or intangible; a person or relationship). Motivation is a psychological process that originates both within and also beyond an individual; it initiates work-related behaviour, and determines the form, direction, intensity and duration of employees behaviour. This essay provides an understanding of how managers can adopt different types of motivation theories in order to affect an employees commitment and performance at work. These motivation theories are categories into content theories (for instance, Hierarchy of needs, ERG-Model) and process theories (for instance, Equity theory, and expectancy theory). In addition, the essay explains how employees are intrinsically motivated and extrinsic and how pay affect commitment and performance. Managers must understand employees motives, as it affects the extent to which employees utilise their skills and ability at work. Motivation makes people try to achieve certain targets in order to satisfy a particular need or expectation. It affect and employees behaviour in a certain way and makes them make decisions to act in certain way and to continue with these actions until they satisfy their needs and expectations. Thus, a manager must adopt motivation theories in order to influence the behaviour and performance of employees. Once a manager satisfies the need of an employee production and commitment to the organization will increase. Abraham Maslow (1943) believed that is it human nature to want things. He claimed that what we want also depends on what we already have. According to Marlow, there is a five level hierarchy of needs; when an employee satisfies most of one need, he or she seeks to reach the next level. Beginning with the physiological need (such as hunger, sleep, sex) at bottom, a employees would move to the second stage; safety need (for instance shelter and security). Thirdly, love need; this involves an employee having a sense of belonging, (for instance, being a team member and sharing love). Fourth level consists of esteem needs, which are met by professional (or personal) achievement, recognition and respect. At the pick of the hierarchy is self-actualization needs; this is where employees realise their full potential. In striving, for achieving these needs, employees are motivated by those goals that are seen as attainable, and then eventually leading to self-actualization. Once at that level and employees performance will rise as well as show commitment to the organisation. Once a need is satisfied, it is no longer a motive. An employee striving for high level needs is unsatisfied. If an employee cannot achieve the next level of needs, their performance in the work place may suffer. If their needs cannot be met or have already been met, an individual may feel that they have nothing to work for and will therefore be unhappy in their job and want to change. Managers should provide tools and support to allow employees to reach the next level. Once at the top of the hierarchy (self actualisation), managers must promote and maintain psychological wellbeing at work. This increases an employees commitment to the organisation and allows them to utilise their skills effectively. However, Maslows hierarchy has been criticized for assuming motivation is hierarchical. Also, employees needs are so complex and different that motivation and job satisfaction may not be able to be generalised. Aderfer (1972) studied Maslows hierarchy of needs and created the ERG theory. This theory states that there are three core needs: Existence, Relatedness and Growth (ERG). He realised that some of Maslows hierarchy levels overlapped. He addressed this and reduced the hierarchy down to three levels. The first level, existence, is concerned with providing basic material existence motivators (physiological and physical safety needs). Relatedness is an employees need of interpersonal relationships, achieving group and team recognition. These align with Maslows social needs and the external component of Maslow esteem needs. Finally, growth needs relates to an employees intrinsic needs and personal development. This includes esteem and self-actualization. The ERG theory states that an employee is motivated by more than one need. The theory also addresses differences in culture and is an improvement of the Maslow theory. Also, the order in which needs are satisfied differs from individual to individual. A manager must understand that an employee has various needs to satisfy. If a manager solely concentrated on one need at a time, he or she is not able to effectively motivate an employee to commit to the organisation. Also the frustration-regression aspect of this theory has an effect on workplace motivation, meaning when an employees higher-order needs arent achieved, employees aim at lower-order needs which are easier to satisfy. For instance, if an employee is not provided with growth and advancement opportunities, they might address less important needs like socialization, if the environment permits it. When a manager realises this, steps can be taken in to fulfil these needs and encourage commitment and performance of the employee. In 2009 the Southeast airline was one of the most profitable airlines in the world. This was no accident, but phenomena of well-motivated employees. Managers used the key concepts of Aderfer motivation theory in order to develop and enforce company values. These values encompassed that employees come first and then customers and stockholder. Through this employee felt a sense of belonging (the Relatedness needs) which in turn increased an employees commitment and performance at work and lowered staff turnover for the Southeast airline company. Fredrick Herzbergs (1959) two factor theory, or motivation hygiene, builds on Maslows research on intrinsic motivation in the workplace. The first factor is hygiene or maintenance, the second one is motivators or growth. Based on his research, he concluded that there are some job conditions which dissatisfy employees, while other job conditions motivate and increase job satisfaction. Traditionally, managers saw the hygiene factors (extrinsic issues) as motivators for employees, but according to this theory these are potentially dissatisfying factors, as they dont really provide motivation for an employee, however the absence of these factors causes dissatisfaction with salary, working conditions and supervision. Motivation factors are intrinsic issues helping increase motivation and job satisfaction. To ensure commitment and performance of an employee, a manager ensures these factors are present as they affect the level of job satisfaction. These factors are achievement, responsibility and autonomy. Nevertheless, critics say it mainly relates to workers in unskilled jobs, or uninteresting, repetitive work. Maslows and Herzbergs theories are called content theories; a theory referring to what drives or pushes employees in relation to satisfaction and commitment to an organisation. There are also theories known as process theories that concern themselves with the process that involves motivation. This can be related to pay. Many employees are motivated by performance-based pay, an incentive linked to performance, acting as a motivator. These desires for tangible rewards are classified as extrinsic motivation factors. Many theorists think payment relates to performance. Graham and Sluckin (1954) and Opsal and Dunnette (1966) explained it is easy to find employees in an industry who value money highly, and when if people know salary is pay based, they will often work much harder. F.W Taylor (1991) also believed that those workers are solely motivated by monetary incentives, and they want to obtain the highest possible wage through working in the best and most efficient way. This approach is also known as the rational-economic concept of motivation. Some payment-performance theories are expectancy theory (Vroom, 1964), goal-setting theory (Lock and Latham, 1984, 1990). Vroom believed that individuals are motivated by the results of their action. To explain, he constructed a model with three variables: force, valence and expectancy. Force is the effort an individual uses to carry out a particular task. Valance is the attractiveness of the outcome and expectance is the employee expectation of the outcome. According to the theory, motivational force is a function of valence and expectancy (force=valence x Expectancy). The expectancy theory suggests individuals will adjust their behaviour only if the rewards are valued. However, unless rewards are perceived by individuals to be sufficiently attractive and worth the effort needed to achieve them, they will not act as a catalyst to encourage higher performance levels. The basis of goal-setting theory is that goals employees pursue are a significant factor in superior performance. For these to be motivators, the SMART principles (specific, measureable, agreed realists and timed) need to be applied. Lawler and Porters motivational model recognises individual abilities and role perception have to be taken into account in the wage/effort bargain. In 1998 a survey revolted that 40% of British companies used pay related performance system in their companies. Today, almost half of all British companies use this type of motivation. This can be especially seen in Global Banks such as Lloyds Bank TSB Group. Nevertheless Critics argue that pay is not the only source of motivation. Managers quote Herzberg view that the job in itself is a source of motivation. This is backed up with studies that reviled that pay is the fifth of their top ten motivations. Lawler (1968) gives an insight on job design and how it affects motivation. He argued that making jobs more challenging (job enrichment) and giving the individual more tasks (job enlargement) will increase an employees sense of accomplishment and achievement after a good performance. This will help satisfy their higher needs as described by Maslow. The correct job design for an individual will increase their satisfaction, in turn leading to motivation and significantly improved performance in the workplace. However, it is important to take individual differences into consideration as differences in motivation exist. The changes in the nature of jobs therefore vary in terms of how effective they are.For instance it is argued that the Japanese approached to job design contributed to the success of car manufacturing in the 1980s Certain types of motivation can also be described as intrinsic, where employees are motivated by a psychological reward, either by overcoming challenges or by individual achievement. Eton Mayo supports this idea of intrinsic Motivation. Through a series of studies at the Hawthorne plant, Mayo concluded that money was not the best way to motivate employees, and that group work and strong manager-team communication are better motivators. Taking this into account, businesses should re-organise or change production to encourage teamwork, and introduce personal departments to encourage greater manager involvement in employees interests. This would motive staff and improve individual and whole business performance. Individuals are also motivated by knowing that they are treated fairly at work. This treatment relates to salary, working conditions and promotion opportunities. This is the basis of Adams equity theory. This looks at how fairly people are treated in comparison to others. When people believe they are treated fairly, they consider different inputs and outcome. If an individual feels that they have not been treated fairly in the workplace, this has an adverse effect on motivation, their productivity is affected. If they think they are being treated fairly, this has positive effects on performance. Conclusion Recommendations for managers